A Quick Guide to CNC Cutting Tools

In CNC metal machining, selecting the right cutting tool is essential for achieving accuracy, efficiency, and high-quality surface finishes. Understanding their functions helps ensure better machining performance and consistent results.

Chamfer Cutter

A chamfer cutter is mainly used for creating chamfers, removing burrs, and cleaning up sharp edges. It improves part appearance, ensures safer handling, and helps with assembly, especially around hole entrances.

Tips: Avoid overly deep cuts; excessive feed may cause chatter or tool breakage. Always adjust the spindle speed according to the material.

Center Drill

Center drills are essential for drilling accurate holes. They create a small, stable pilot hole that prevents twist drills from wandering, ensuring consistent positioning and reliable hole accuracy.

Tips: Do not use center drills for deep drilling—they are brittle and can easily break. Maintain moderate feed to avoid tip chipping.

Reamer

A reamer is used for enlarging and finishing a pre-drilled hole to a precise diameter. It delivers high-dimensional accuracy and superior surface finish, making it suitable for precision-fit holes such as bearing seats or alignment holes.

Usage tips: Always pre-drill the hole slightly undersized. Keep cutting fluid sufficient to reduce heat and prevent reamer scoring.

Tap (Threading Tool)

Taps are designed for cutting internal threads. Available in straight-flute and spiral-flute types, they accommodate various materials and applications in machine tapping or hand tapping.

Tips: Use the correct tap type for the material. Apply proper lubrication and avoid over-torquing to prevent tap breakage.

Twist Drill

The twist drill is the most commonly used tool for creating through holes or blind holes. It provides good cutting efficiency and serves as the first step in most hole-making processes.

Tips: Start with proper positioning using a center drill, and clear chips regularly to prevent overheating and hole deviation.

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